Sitemap

Practical Coilgun Design

Magnetic Materials

  1. Magnetic Materials
  2. Solenoid Physics
  3. Magnetic Field
  4. Force From Magnetism
  5. Saturation
  6. Saliency Ratio
  7. Salient Pole Motors
  8. Electromagnetic Guns
  9. Widescreen LCD
  10. IEEE Articles
  11. Bibliography

Magnetic Materials

What materials are most frequently used for magnetic cores? What can coils can be wound on to make electromagnets?

Common Materials

This table describes some of the more common "soft" magnetic materials. These retain only a very small residual magnetism after the magnetizing force (coil) is removed. They would not make "hard" or permanent magnets, but would be extremely useful for motors and solenoids and other magnetic circuits.

Magnetic Materials

 

Material

  

Form

 Apprx % Composition  

Permeability at B=20 gauss

  

Maximum permeability

  

Saturation flux density B gauss
Fe Ni Co Mo Other
Cold rolled steel Sheet 98.5 --- --- --- --- 180 2,000 21,000
Iron Sheet 99.91 --- --- --- --- 200 5,000 21,500
Purified iron Sheet 99.95 --- --- --- --- 5,000 180,000 21,500
4% Silicon-iron
Grain-oriented1		 Sheet
Sheet		 96
97		 ---
---		 ---
---		 ---
---		 4 Si
3 Si		 500
1,500		 7,000
30,000		 19,700
20,000
45 Permalloy Sheet 54.7 45 --- --- --- 2,500 25,000 16,000
45 Permalloy2 Sheet 54.7 45 --- --- --- 4,000 50,000 16,000
Hipernik Sheet 50 50 --- --- --- 4,500 70,000 16,000
Monimax Sheet --- --- --- --- --- 2,000 35,000 15,000
Sinimax Sheet --- --- --- --- --- 3,000 35,000 11,000
78 Permalloy Sheet 21.2 78.5 --- --- 0.3 Mn 8,000 100,000 10,700
4-79 Permalloy Sheet 16.7 79 --- 4 0.3 Mn 20,000 100,000 8,700
Mu metal Sheet 18 --- --- --- --- 20,000 100,000 6,500
Supermalloy Sheet 15.7 --- --- --- --- 100,000 800,000 8,000
Permendur Sheet 49.7 --- --- --- --- 800 5,000 24,500
2V Permendur Sheet 49 --- --- --- --- 800 4,500 24,000
Hiperco Sheet 64 --- --- --- --- 650 10,000 24,200
2-81 Permalloy Insulated powder 17 --- --- --- --- 125 130 8,000
Carbonyl iron Insulated powder 99.9 --- --- --- --- 55 132 ---
Ferroxcube III Sintered powder   --- --- --- --- 1,000 1,500 2,500
                   

Notes:

  1. Properties in direction of rolling.
  2. Similar properties for Nicaloi, 4750 alloy, Carpenter 49, Armco 48.
  3. At saturation.
  4. Q, quench or controlled cooling.

Source: "Electrical Engineering Handbook", edited by Richard C. Dorf, IEEE Press, ©1993, ISBN 0-8493-0185-8.

 
  < Previous Page 1 of 11 Next >